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OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY ↔ PRASUTI TANTRA & STRI ROGA

Mudhagarbha ↔ Cephalopelvic Disproportion and Obstructed Labour

Sushruta's ethical rule -- try everything to deliver a living fetus intact; when the fetus is dead, remove it without hesitation to save the mother -- is, per the source material, "precisely the modern ethical position, arrived at more than two thousand years ago." But his destructive operations were never a choice made over caesarean section; they were what remained when caesarean meant the certain death of the mother, and safe caesarean has made most of them unnecessary.

ENT ↔ SHALAKYA TANTRA

Karna Shalya (Aural Foreign Body) ↔ Ear Wax and Foreign Body

The krimikarna protocol for a live insect in the ear -- kill it first with oil, then remove -- is an exact match for modern practice, and the classify-before-extracting principle is genuine common ground. But the classical framework has no otoscope-equivalent to confirm an intact eardrum before treating, the one omission that turns a routine removal into a preventable injury.

ANESTHESIOLOGY ↔ SHALYA TANTRA

Sanjnaharana ↔ Modern Anesthesia

Per the source material, stated directly and without qualification: "the classical texts describe measures to reduce pain and to steady the patient, but nothing equivalent to modern anaesthesia -- classical eye surgery was performed on conscious patients with the head held by an assistant." One of the clearest, most direct concessions in this entire project.

SURGERY ↔ SHALYA TANTRA

Bhagandara ↔ Fistula-in-Ano — Kshara Sutra and the Cutting Seton

The strongest evidence base of any classical surgical procedure examined in this project: kshara sutra has been evaluated in controlled trials and adopted in mainstream surgical units, and the source material states outright that it is mechanistically identical to the modern cutting seton.

GENERAL MEDICINE ↔ KAYACHIKITSA

Jwara ↔ Fever — Clinical Approach & Fever of Unknown Origin

Contains one of the strongest observational achievements in this project (vishama jwara periodicity independently describing tertian/quartan malaria) alongside the framework's most consequential limitation: no way to identify a causative organism or distinguish a self-limiting fever from one that kills within a day.

PHYSIOLOGY ↔ KRIYA SHARIR

Agni / Digestion ↔ Gastric Secretion & GI Physiology

A mixed case: the avasthapaka digestion sequence and koshtha-based dosing are strong, well-grounded correspondences; the claims that ama is a specific pathological substance and that "all disease is caused by impaired agni" are not, and the source material says so plainly.

OPHTHALMOLOGY ↔ SHALAKYA TANTRA

Timira–Kacha–Linganasha ↔ Cataract

Sushruta's kaphaja linganasha selection criterion picked out, correctly, exactly the patients a lens-displacement operation could help -- a genuine and remarkable piece of empirical surgical selection. But couching itself, still practiced by unqualified operators in parts of India today, blinds people through complications modern cataract surgery has eliminated; and no Ayurvedic preparation reverses an established cataract, a myth the source material states causes measurable, unnecessary blindness through delay.

PEDIATRICS ↔ KAUMARABHRITYA

Bala Atisara ↔ Acute Diarrheal Disease and Dehydration

The classical warning against arresting childhood diarrhoea too early matches, for a related reason, the modern prohibition on antidiarrhoeal drugs in children. But the classical framework has no equivalent of oral rehydration therapy -- described in the source material as "potentially the most important medical advance of the twentieth century" -- and the traditional practice of withholding food and fluids during diarrhoea is, per the source, "exactly backwards, and it kills children."

PSYCHIATRY ↔ UNMADA

Unmada ↔ Psychosis, Schizophrenia, and Delirium

Per the source material, "any acute change in mental state is delirium until proven otherwise" -- current unmada teaching directly imports this modern triage rule, plus the explicit instruction that "an antipsychotic must never be stopped for classical unmada treatment" and that "restraint or chaining is illegal under the Mental Healthcare Act 2017." The five-type classification is comprehensive, but has no structured tool for detecting delirium's defining feature: fluctuating attention.

DERMATOLOGY ↔ KUSHTHA ROGA

Kushtha ↔ Psoriasis, Leprosy, and Dermatophytosis

Per the source material, "the mistranslation [of kushtha as leprosy] has done real harm" -- kushtha's eighteen-type taxonomy maps with real morphological precision onto psoriasis, tinea, and true leprosy, and the classical safety rule ("any suspicious hypopigmented, anaesthetic patch must be tested for sensory loss") correctly anticipates the single highest-stakes distinction in the differential. But shodhana-based treatment has no antifungal or antimycobacterial action.

MICROBIOLOGY ↔ KRIMI ROGA

Krimi Roga ↔ Helminthic and Parasitic Infestation

Per the source material, "raktaja krimi is a category for organisms living in the blood, arrived at without a microscope," and "gudakandu -- anal itching worse at night -- is pinworm, described exactly." But stated "plainly and without defensiveness": "a single cheap anthelmintic tablet cures most common worm infestations far more reliably than classical measures alone."

ANATOMY ↔ RACHANA SHARIR

Brachial Plexus & Upper-Limb Neurovascular Bundle ↔ Marma (Lohitaksha, Kurpara, Kshipra)

Where modern upper-limb neurovascular anatomy and the classical upper-limb marma points describe the same danger zones, and where the two claims about marma diverge sharply in evidentiary strength.

RADIODIAGNOSIS ↔ ROGA NIDAN

Ashmari ↔ Urinary Stone Disease and Renal Imaging

Per the source material, "the classical purvarupa are an accurate description of the early symptoms of stone disease," matching modern renal colic exactly, and Sushruta's bladder-stone operation is "the classical tradition's most famous surgical procedure." But classical diagnosis has no way to visualize, size, or locate a stone -- and "the one emergency in stone disease is obstruction with infection," which depends entirely on imaging to confirm.

PHARMACOLOGY ↔ RASASHASTRA & BHAISHAJYA KALPANA

Bhasma / Marana ↔ Heavy Metal Poisoning & Chelating Agents

Modern instrumental analysis confirms marana produces a genuine chemical and physical transformation of the starting metal — but per the source material's own careful framing, whether the resulting preparations are safe for long-term human use remains an open question, not a settled one in either direction, especially for lead- and mercury-containing bhasmas.

FORENSIC MEDICINE ↔ AGAD TANTRA

Agada Tantra Concepts ↔ Definitions, Classification and General Principles

The upavisha category built an entire pharmaceutical class on the dose-response principle -- the same substance is medicine or poison depending on quantity and preparation -- "centuries before it was stated in Europe" by Paracelsus. But the classical framework lacks any chemical identification of agents, any receptor- or enzyme-level mechanism, and therefore any specific antidote.

ORTHOPEDICS ↔ ASTHI-SANDHI VIKARA

Bhagna ↔ Fracture Management

Per the source material, "the modern principles are the same three: reduce, hold and rehabilitate" -- the classical four-step bhagna sequence structurally matches modern fracture management, and the eighteen-type sandhimukta/kanda bhagna classification is comparably fine-grained. But the sequence alone has no antibiotic/tetanus cover for open fracture and no surgical decompression for compartment syndrome -- both flagged explicitly by the source material as urgent modern-medicine gaps.

PANCHAKARMA

Raktamokshana ↔ Myeloproliferative and Myelodysplastic Disorders

Leech therapy for venous congestion in surgical flaps is, per the source material, "a legitimate piece of convergence between a traditional practice and modern surgery." But raktamokshana as a general treatment "does not work, and its abandonment in Western medicine is one of the best-documented corrections in the history of the profession" -- tested directly, centuries ago, and found harmful.

PATHOLOGY ↔ ROGA NIDAN & VIKRITI VIGYAN

Samprapti / Shatkriyakala ↔ Natural History of Disease & Staged Prevention

The strongest structural correspondence found in this project so far (a six-stage disease model paralleling modern epidemiological staging), paired with the single most important methodological caution: samprapti is explanatory, not diagnostic, and treating it as diagnostic has caused real, named harm.

BIOCHEMISTRY ↔ RASASHASTRA

Bhasma/Marana ↔ Minerals, Trace Elements and Bioavailability

Per the source material, "shodhana precedes marana in every case... marana converts the metal to a fine, calcined, assimilable form" -- a transformation principle structurally matching the modern insight that a mineral's bioavailability depends on chemical form, not raw elemental state. But "detectable lead, mercury and arsenic have been reported in a proportion of marketed products" -- the classical qualitative tests cannot substitute for quantitative contaminant screening.

PHARMACOLOGY ↔ DRAVYAGUNA VIGYAN

Rasa-Guna-Virya-Vipaka-Prabhava ↔ Pharmacodynamics & Drug-Receptor Interaction

A genuinely sophisticated staged-action framework with a real, mechanistically-confirmed correspondence (yogavahi/piperine as a bioavailability enhancer) — paired with explicit classical cautions against overinterpreting virya as literal thermogenesis or prabhava as established receptor pharmacology.

COMMUNITY MEDICINE ↔ SWASTHAVRITTA & YOGA

Janapadodhwamsa ↔ Outbreak Investigation

Charaka's Janapadodhwamsaniya chapter asks how people of entirely different constitution fall ill together and answers with factors common to all of them -- per the source material, "precisely the move that distinguishes public health from clinical medicine." But it lacks the identification of a transmissible agent, and therefore "the specific interruption of transmission... that specific interruption is what actually stops an outbreak."

SURGERY ↔ SHALYA TANTRA

Marma (Vishalyaghna) ↔ Primary and Secondary Survey in Trauma

The most precise single correspondence found in this project so far: the vishalyaghna marma category — three sites where the patient survives only while an impaling object remains in place, and dies when it is removed — states, without qualification, a rule modern trauma medicine teaches as standard practice today.

PEDIATRICS ↔ KAUMARABHRITYA

Masurika–Romantika ↔ Dengue and Common Viral Exanthems

Indian variolation against smallpox predates Jenner and independently applies the correct principle of immunisation -- a genuine historical achievement the source material credits directly. But the widespread cultural practice of treating measles as a goddess's visitation, with a darkened room, severe dietary restriction, and avoidance of medical care, is stated plainly to cause children to be "brought late" with pneumonia, dehydration, and blindness.

COMMUNITY MEDICINE ↔ SWASTHAVRITTA & YOGA

Aapatti Vyavasthapana ↔ Disaster Management

No classical Ayurvedic framework addresses mass-casualty triage or crush syndrome -- these are entirely modern fields. But AYUSH practitioners are formally recognized as part of India's disaster health workforce today, because, per the source material, what a disaster actually needs is "generalist capability rather than specialist technique... all of which a BAMS graduate can do." Separately, the widespread belief that dead bodies cause epidemics is "one of the most persistent and most harmful myths in all of disaster response."

GENERAL MEDICINE ↔ KAYACHIKITSA

Pakshaghata ↔ Stroke and Cerebrovascular Disease

The cleanest division of labour found in this project: the source material states plainly that the first four and a half hours belong entirely to modern medicine, while the following twelve months of rehabilitation are genuine shared ground — and that starting panchakarma instead of pursuing emergency imaging "has lost the only treatment that could have reversed the deficit."

ANATOMY ↔ RACHANA SHARIR

Heart & Circulatory Origin ↔ Hridaya

Hridaya bundles several claims of very different strength — from a well-supported anatomical correspondence to an error the source material itself names plainly.

PSYCHIATRY ↔ UNMADA

Apasmara ↔ Epilepsy, Status Epilepticus, and Eclampsia

Per the source material, "during a convulsion, protecting the airway and preventing injury comes before any Ayurvedic measure" -- an explicit, shared first-aid rule. But "status epilepticus... is a medical emergency causing permanent damage," and "a seizure in pregnancy or up to six weeks postpartum is eclampsia until proven otherwise" -- both specific, time-critical modern thresholds the classical episodic-pattern description does not itself supply.

ANESTHESIOLOGY ↔ SHALYA TANTRA

Sanyasa ↔ Unconscious Patient and Airway Management

Per the source material, "the unconscious patient cannot protect their own airway. Recovery position first, and nothing by mouth ever" -- a correctly prioritized, framework-independent match to modern emergency airway management. But no classical means exist to identify the specific reversible causes (hypoglycaemia, opioid toxicity, organophosphate poisoning) that determine survival.

DERMATOLOGY ↔ KUSHTHA ROGA

Shwitra ↔ Vitiligo and PUVA Phototherapy

Per the source material, "bakuchi plus sunlight is puva, described centuries before it was named" -- a genuine, independently-discovered application of the psoralen-photoactivation mechanism modern PUVA therapy uses, with a correctly identified shared negative prognostic sign (leukotrichia). But uncalibrated sun-exposure dosing carries a real phototoxic burn risk that supervised modern PUVA protocols are specifically designed to avoid.

PANCHAKARMA

Samsarjana Krama ↔ Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Management

The graded reintroduction of food after purification is, per the source material, "a genuine convergence" with modern refeeding-syndrome science, "arrived at... by observation" where modern medicine arrived at it "by measuring serum phosphate." But "the classical scheme manages food. It does not systematically manage fluid and electrolytes" -- and dehydration, not indigestion, is the main physiological risk after vamana or virechana.

ENT ↔ SHALAKYA TANTRA

Putikarna ↔ Chronic Otitis Media and Cholesteatoma

The classical name itself -- putikarna, "the foul ear" -- singles out exactly the discharge character that modern otology uses to separate safe, medically-managed chronic ear disease from unsafe, surgery-requiring cholesteatoma. But the classical treatment framework has no equivalent of mastoid surgery, and applying it alone to the unsafe type allows a slow bone-eroding process to reach the facial nerve, the inner ear, or the brain.

OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY ↔ PRASUTI TANTRA & STRI ROGA

Garbhini Vyapad ↔ Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

The classical principle of deliberately gentler treatment in pregnancy is sound, and ginger for nausea is one of the rare places where "a classical remedy and a trial result agree directly." But pre-eclampsia's cardinal warning sign -- upper abdominal pain -- is, per the source material, "routinely mistaken for indigestion, acidity or amlapitta," and "giving her an antacid and sending her home can kill her."

FORENSIC MEDICINE ↔ AGAD TANTRA

Kritrima Visha ↔ Organophosphate and Carbamate Poisoning

The classical vishavega principle -- a poisoned patient may look well and then deteriorate as the process advances through stages -- applies with striking precision to organophosphate poisoning's intermediate syndrome, a delayed, life-threatening relapse after apparent recovery. But there is no classical treatment for organophosphate poisoning itself, and the classical instruction in acute visha to act with the greatest urgency supports, rather than opposes, immediate modern treatment.

BIOCHEMISTRY ↔ RASASHASTRA

Ashta Samskara ↔ Xenobiotic Metabolism and Detoxification

Per the source material, parada is processed through an eight-step purification sequence -- "swedana, mardana, murchana, utthapana, patana, rodhana, niyamana, sandipana" -- structurally paralleling the body's own staged xenobiotic detoxification. But the classical process has no quantitative way to confirm residual toxic mercury has actually been reduced to a safe level.

RADIODIAGNOSIS ↔ ROGA NIDAN

Shotha ↔ Oedema, DVT and Vascular Imaging

Per the source material, "the classical pitting description is the modern pitting sign, and it still sorts the causes," and current teaching directly states "one swollen leg is a deep vein thrombosis until proven otherwise -- do not massage it." But the classical framework has no way to confirm or exclude a clot without Doppler ultrasound.

PHARMACOLOGY ↔ RASASHASTRA & BHAISHAJYA KALPANA

Ayurvedic Pharmacovigilance & Herb-Drug Interactions ↔ Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance

The most direct, least-hedged safety content found in this project: an explicit refutation of "natural means safe," documented real harms (heavy metals, herb-induced liver injury, aristolochic acid substitution, corticosteroid adulteration), specific mechanistic interactions, and an unambiguous list of drugs that must never be stopped for Ayurvedic treatment.

PHYSIOLOGY ↔ KRIYA SHARIR

Ojas / Vitality ↔ Immunity

The single most consequential overclaim tested in this exercise: ojas is not the immune system, and the source material is emphatic that reasoning otherwise has cost children's lives by discouraging vaccination.

MICROBIOLOGY ↔ KRIMI ROGA

Nirjantukarana ↔ Sterilization, Asepsis, and Infection Control

Per the source material, "the classical texts prescribe fumigation of the operating place, cleanliness of the surgeon and the assistants, and the preparation of the room, which anticipates the principle without the germ theory behind it." But the classical framework has no way to verify or confirm that its cleanliness measures actually achieved sterility, unlike modern autoclaving, confirmed by physical, chemical, and biological indicators.

PATHOLOGY ↔ ROGA NIDAN & VIKRITI VIGYAN

Amavata ↔ Rheumatoid Arthritis

The classical clinical pattern-recognition (migratory polyarthritis, morning stiffness, systemic prodrome) is genuinely strong; the claim that amavata is a complete equivalent to rheumatoid arthritis is not — the classical framework has no concept of autoimmunity, and substituting its treatment for DMARD therapy during the early window costs patients irreversible joint damage.

OPHTHALMOLOGY ↔ SHALAKYA TANTRA

Adhimantha ↔ Primary Angle-Closure Glaucoma

The classical texts state that adhimantha untreated destroys the eye's vision within a defined period -- a prognosis that, per the source material, "corresponds precisely to what is now known about angle-closure glaucoma." The observation was exact; what was missing was any way to physically reopen a closed drainage angle.

ORTHOPEDICS ↔ ASTHI-SANDHI VIKARA

Sandhigata Vata ↔ Osteoarthritis and Septic Arthritis

Per the source material, "a hot, swollen, exquisitely painful joint with fever is septic arthritis -- do not heat it, do not massage it" -- the classical sandhigata vata framework explicitly carves out this emergency exception, and vatapurna driti sparsha (effusion) and atopa (crepitus) are precise physical signs matching modern osteoarthritis findings. But the classical framework has no aspiration-equivalent test to resolve a genuinely ambiguous hot joint.

PHARMACOLOGY ↔ DRAVYAGUNA VIGYAN

Dravyaguna Vigyana ↔ Modern Pharmacology

Dravyaguna is Ayurveda's integrated science of medicinal substances, unified by the samanya-vishesha principle; modern pharmacology studies drugs through separate mechanism-based sub-disciplines rather than one unifying axiom.

ANATOMY ↔ RACHANA SHARIR

Blood Vessel Structure & Channel Pathology ↔ Srotas / Srotodushti

Includes a genuine direct correspondence (dhamani/sira ↔ artery/vein, by the same defining property) alongside a popular overclaim this content does not itself support (Srotas = interstitium).

PEDIATRICS ↔ KAUMARABHRITYA

Kuposhana ↔ Protein-Energy Malnutrition

The classical sequence -- correct the child's agni first, and only then give heavy nourishing measures -- matches, in structure and rationale, the modern stabilisation-then-catch-up protocol for severe acute malnutrition, and is described in the source material as "not merely defensible but actively right, and for a reason that modern medicine had to learn the hard way." But Phakka, used as a stand-alone diagnosis for a wasted, developmentally delayed child, risks masking neurological conditions that feeding alone cannot fix.

PSYCHIATRY ↔ UNMADA

Vishada ↔ Major Depressive Disorder and Suicide Screening

Per the source material, "vishada is named in the texts as the foremost aggravator of disease -- and that is now measurable," and "in India it presents physically: body ache, burning feet, fatigue, 'gas' and weakness" -- genuine convergences with modern findings. But current teaching insists: "exclude thyroid, b12 and anaemia before anything else," and "asking about suicide does not cause it. Not asking is what costs lives."

SURGERY ↔ SHALYA TANTRA

Dagdha Vrana ↔ Burns Management

Sushruta's four-grade burn classification independently captures the same counter-intuitive clinical pearl modern medicine teaches today — that a painless burn is deeper and more serious, not milder — while the classical source material itself explicitly names and rejects the ghee, oil, turmeric, and cow-dung applications that remain widespread folk practice.

ENT ↔ SHALAKYA TANTRA

Nasagata Raktasrava ↔ Epistaxis

Classical Ayurveda correctly links nosebleeds to heat, dryness, and exertion, and its cooling and astringent treatments are directionally sound. But per the source material, "what the classical framework lacks is the anatomical localisation that makes anterior pressure and cautery effective" -- the single insight that turns first aid from folklore into something that reliably works.

GENERAL MEDICINE ↔ KAYACHIKITSA

Rajayakshma ↔ Pulmonary Tuberculosis Clinical Management

Sushruta classified rajayakshma as a contagious disease transmitted by close contact and specifically "the breath" — a working model of airborne transmission without a microscope. Modern treatment cures the large majority of cases for free; the source material states without exception that there is no Ayurvedic substitute for it.

PATHOLOGY ↔ ROGA NIDAN & VIKRITI VIGYAN

Prameha ↔ Diabetes Mellitus

Contains one of the strongest observational achievements found in this project (glycosuria detected via ant behavior; a sahaja/apathyanimittaja type-1/type-2 analog) directly alongside the single most lethal safety risk identified across all topics so far: withholding insulin from a type 1 diabetic.

PANCHAKARMA

Basti Karma ↔ Laxatives and Antidiarrheal Drugs

Charaka records that some authorities call basti half of all treatment, and others call it the whole of it. Its contraindication list and quantified administration protocol closely track modern rectal-procedure practice. But the sweeping classical claim that a rectally-administered preparation controls vata system-wide, and thereby treats disorders throughout the body, has no modern validation beyond confirmed local bowel effects.

OPHTHALMOLOGY ↔ SHALAKYA TANTRA

Nayanabhighata ↔ Ocular Trauma (Chemical and Mechanical)

The classical account of ocular injury grades severity by depth and prohibits irritant applications to an injured eye -- corresponding to the modern rule of instilling nothing into a possibly open globe. But it has no equivalent of the single most time-critical rule in this field: irrigate a chemical burn immediately, before even taking a history, since every second of contact costs tissue.

BIOCHEMISTRY ↔ RASASHASTRA

Kajjali and Arsenic Sulfides ↔ Chemical Speciation and Carcinogenic Risk

Per the source material, kajjali (mercury triturated with sulfur) is a genuine chemical transformation to a less bioavailable form, and haratala/manahshila (arsenic sulfides) are restricted to "short, specific, supervised use, never for prolonged administration" -- correctly anticipating arsenic's cumulative, non-threshold carcinogenic risk. But no quantitative method exists to confirm actual arsenic or mercury content or bioavailable fraction in a given preparation.

COMMUNITY MEDICINE ↔ SWASTHAVRITTA & YOGA

Dinacharya ↔ Levels of Prevention

Dinacharya is prescribed for the healthy and acts, per the source material, "before sanchaya... this is the classical statement of primary prevention." Specific items (tongue scraping, avoiding vega dharana, exercising at ardha shakti) have genuine modern evidentiary support. But dinacharya, however completely followed, has no equivalent whatsoever to secondary prevention -- no screening mechanism capable of detecting an already-present, asymptomatic disease.

RADIODIAGNOSIS ↔ ROGA NIDAN

Granthi/Arbuda/Vidradhi ↔ Mass Characterization and Imaging

Per the source material, "the governing rule of abscess management is that pus must be let out; no antibiotic drains an abscess, and the classical texts arrived at the same conclusion" -- a genuine match with modern surgery. Dwirarbuda, recurrent arbuda, is described as incurable and "corresponds to recurrent or metastatic malignancy." But classical diagnosis has no imaging or biopsy to characterize a mass's internal nature before it declares itself through behaviour over time.

OBSTETRICS & GYNAECOLOGY ↔ PRASUTI TANTRA & STRI ROGA

Raktasrava & Apara Sanga ↔ Postpartum Hemorrhage

Postpartum haemorrhage is the leading direct cause of maternal death in India and can kill in under two hours. The classical texts recognize the emergency and prescribe haemostatic measures in the right general direction -- but, per the source material, "the classical framework has no oxytocin, no intravenous access, no blood transfusion, no anaesthesia and no surgical haemostasis," and "massive obstetric haemorrhage cannot be survived without those things."

MICROBIOLOGY ↔ KRIMI ROGA

Sankramika Jwara ↔ Contagion Theory and Infectious Fevers

Per the source material, "Sushruta already describes contact, breath, shared food, bedding and clothing as modes of spread, a working contagion model without germ theory." But "for malaria and typhoid specifically, modern antimicrobial treatment is curative and delaying it is a genuine, preventable cause of death in India."

PHYSIOLOGY ↔ KRIYA SHARIR

Nidra / Sleep ↔ Sleep Physiology

One of the best-correlated topics in this exercise on the general principle (sleep as an essential, actively-regulated pillar of health), with one specific, consequential, named gap: obstructive sleep apnea has no classical category and would be misclassified.

ANESTHESIOLOGY ↔ SHALYA TANTRA

Stabdhata ↔ Shock and Hemodynamic Management

Per the source material, current teaching states directly that "shock is inadequate tissue perfusion, not a blood pressure reading. Hypotension is a late feature" -- a modern physiological understanding taught under the classical stabdhata label, with no independent classical precedent. "Fluid alone treats only" one of the four shock types; giving it to the others can cause harm.

FORENSIC MEDICINE ↔ AGAD TANTRA

Jangama Visha ↔ Medicolegal Aspects and Management of Poisoning

The darvikara-mandali-rajimana classification of snakes (cobra as vata/neurotoxic, viper as pitta/vasculotoxic) independently maps onto the two major categories modern toxinology uses. But antivenom is the only thing that neutralises venom -- "nothing in the classical pharmacopoeia does" -- and traditional treatment given instead of, or before, antivenom is documented to kill.

DERMATOLOGY ↔ KUSHTHA ROGA

Visarpa ↔ Erysipelas, Herpes Zoster, and Necrotising Fasciitis

Per the source material, "pain before the rash, then a band that stops at the midline, is herpes zoster," and "pain out of proportion to the signs is necrotising fasciitis until a surgeon says otherwise" -- the classical visarpa category's own diagnostic pearls correctly flag two genuine modern emergencies. But none of visarpa's treatments provide the antiviral, antibacterial, or emergency surgical action each actually requires.